Baguazhang
From Karate, Kungfu, Wrestling, Mixed Fighting Information Source
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Bagua Zhang, also known as Pakua Chang, is one of the primary internal systems of the Chinese martial arts. It is best known for its “circle walking” training. Bagua Zhang is also known for its highly evasive footwork, powerful palm strikes, and lightning-fast combinations. Aside from self-defence, this martial art also emphasizes peace of mind and good health. Baguazhang translates to "Eight Trigram Palm," which refers to the eight trigrams of the I Ching, a book sacred to Daoists. Baguazhang, like many Chinese internal styles, is associated with the religion of Daoism.
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History
The youngest of the internal styles of Kung Fu, Baguazhang was created by Dong Haichuan in the mid-19th century. Dong was an Imperial bodyguard. According to one story, the Emperor once saw Dong demonstrating his skills and immediately appointed him to be the head instructor of the Imperial guards. His style then became famous in all of Peking (Beijing) and spread throughout the rest of China.
Styles
The six styles of Baguazhang include Cheng, Fu (only recently recognized by the Chinese Wushu Association), Li, Liang Zhen Pu, Sun Xing, and Yin, all named after students of Dong Haichuan (or students of his students).
Philosophy
The fighting philosophy of Baguazhang is based on the eight trigrams of the I Ching, a holy book sacred to Daoists. The circle walking imitates the Ba Gua (eight trigrams) symbol of that book. Force is based upon qi rather than muscle power, so that Baguazhang students fight from a relaxed state.
Techniques
All techniques are intended to be executed while circle walking, which is used to evade the attacks of the enemy and to counter-attack at angles. The style stresses balance and the use of body mechanics so that power is generated from the entire body, not just the striking limb.
Baguazhang uses mostly palm-strikes (as opposed to punches) done in fast combinations, as well as low-kicks, throws, Dim Mak and Chin Na. In China, it is often referred to as the "universal art," as almost all Kung Fu techniques are found within it.
Baguazhang is also known for its training with very large weapons, such as the Baguadao, a heavy sabre, and extremely long spears. Other weapons include smaller swords, knives, and steel yo-yo's.
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